Introduction and environmental impacts of currently used energy, especially from fossil fuels, explanation anddiscussion on background, importance, basic knowledge and current research including case studies, of renewable energy technologies in various forms, such as, energy from water, wind, solar, geothermal resources,
and biomass fuels (i.e. biodiesel, ethanol, bio-oil, and biogas) focusing on roles of clean technology, waste recycling, and energy cost reduction for sustainable environmen